Description
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Plate Type Heat Exchanger Apparatus
The unit consists of a plate type heat exchanger, in which cold fluid is cold water and hot fluid is hot water, which is obtained from geyser. The inlet and outer connections of the fluids are positioned so as to make the exchanger counter flow type. Hot and cold fluids pass between alternate plates various measurements provided enables the students to determine heat transfer rate, LMTD, heat transfer coefficients and effectiveness of the heat exchanger.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heat Exchanger- S.S. Plate heat exchanger wiles nos. of 200 X 400mm.
2.Geyser to obtain hot water – 3 KW capacity.
3.Calibrated water flow measuring vessel
4.Thermometers to measure inlet and outlet temperatures of fluid.
5.Flow controls valves.
A technical manual accompanies the unit.
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES:
Rotameters to measure water flow rates instead of measuring vessel.
Multi channel digital temperature Indicator to measure the temperatures instead of thermometers.
SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Floor space 1.5m. X 1m,
2.230V, 15A, AC supply with earthing connection,
3.Water supply at the rate of about 10 lit/min at constant heat.
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Critical Heat Flux Apparatus
The apparatus demonstrates the regimes of pool boiling. The test section consists of a test wire surrounded by water of constant temperature. The surface temperature of the test wire is heated by passing current through it. Due to the temperature difference between the wire surface and surroundings, the difference regimes are observed till the burnout point.
Specifications:
1.Test wire -35 gauge or 40 gauges. Length = 10cm. 2.Nichrome heater- 1 kw capacity – 1 nos. 3.Glass trough of sufficient capacity. 4.Table light to observe the test wire. 5.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure the input to the test wire. 6.Dimmerstat to adjust the voltage. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.220v, ISA, stabilized single-phase supply. 2.Floor surface- 1m x 1m at working height.
Citical Radius Of Insulating Material
Citical Radius of Insulating Material:
At particular radius of insulation over a cylinder, loss of heat is maximum. The unit consists of a G.I. pipe provided with plaster of Paris insulation on out side surface. Four pipes are provided with heater inside having input control. Input to heaters is measured by common voltmeter and ammeter, by controlling input to heaters, it is shown that critical radius of insulation is ratio of thermal conductivity and outside heat transfer co-efficient.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.G. I. Pipes with electrical heater inside – 4 Nos. 2.Insulation over the pipes of different thickness. 3.Controls and Measurements – a) Dimmerstat to control heater input – 4 Nos. b) A voltmeter and ammeter to measure inputs to heater. c) Digital temperature indicator to measure temperatures across insulation. d) Necessary switches and controls. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
230 V, 5 Amp., A.C., Supply with earthing connection. Floor Area of 1 m. X 1 m X 1.5m. height.
Lagged Pipe Apparatus
Lagged Pipe Apparatus:
The apparatus consists of three concentric pipes mounted on suitable stand. The space between innermost and the middle pipe is fifed with a lagging material and the space between the middle and the outer most is filled with and other lagging material. The lagged pipe is heated with a cartridge heater inserted at the axle length of the pipe. Voltmeter and ammeter on the panel can measure the input to the heater. The intermediate temperatures can be measured by the thermocouples attached at the surfaces of the pipe. Thus the resultant conductivity of the materials can be found out.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Pipes : a)Gl pipe (innermost) – 6 cm. (Outer Diameter). b) Gl Pipe (Middle) – 8.5 cm. (Mean Diameter) c)G! Pipe (Outermost) – 10.7 cm. (inner Diameter) d)Length of pipes 1 Meter. 2.Heater : Nichrome wire cartridge heater placed centrally, of suitable capacity. 3.Control Panel : a)Single Phase Dimmerstat – 1 No. b)Voltmeter (0 – 250V) – 1 No. c)Ammeter (0- 2A) – 1 No. 4.Temperature Indicator : Multichannel Digital Temperature Indicator ranging (0 – 300 C) using Cr/AI ThermocouplesServices Required:
1. A.C. Single Phase 230 V electric supply 2. Floor Area-1.5 Meter X 1 Meter X 0.5 Meter High
Stefan Boltzmans Apparatus
The Stefan Boltzmann constant is an important constant in heat transfer. The apparatus determines Stefan Boltzmann constant. The apparatus consists of a hemisphere surrounded by hot water. Hot water is obtained from a water-heating tank. When the blackened disc is inserted at the center of hemisphere, heat is transferred into the disc from hemisphere by radiation and its temperature begins to rise, and from temperature raise rate. (It is measured at the intervals of 5 sec.) Stefan Boltzmann constant is determined.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Water heating tank provided with electric immersion heater. Hemisphere made of copper sheet, 200mm. dia. Surrounded water jacket of 250mm. Dia. Test disc made of copper 20mm. dia. provided with thermocouple at the center. Multichannel digital temperature indicator 0-200 C with 0.1C least counts to measure the temperature of hemisphere and disc. Audible buzzer with timer to ring at every 5 seconds. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Bench area of about 1m. x 05m. at working height. 2.230v, 15A, AC, electric supply with earthing connection
Specific Heat Of Air Apparatus
The apparatus consists of heating element on which the air is blown. The difference in temperature of air is shown by the temperature indicator. The flow of air is measured by the orifice meter. The input to the heater is measured by voltmeter and ammeter. Thus the specific heat of air can be found out.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Air blower connected to FHP motor. 2.Orifice meter to measure the air flow, Heater – 1 KW heating coil placed centrally in the test section. 3.Multi channel digital temperature indicator – range 0 to 300 c. 4.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure the heat Input.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.220 volts single phase stabilized AC Electric supply. 2.Floor space – 2 m. X 1 m. X 2 m. Height.
Thermal Conductivity Of Liquid
Thermal conductivity of is an important engineering property. The apparatus uses guarded hot plate method for determining thermal conductivity. It consists of hot plate i.e. an electrical heater sandwiched between two plates. The heat loss from hot plate is prevented by using two guard heaters and heat of removes heat from liquid by circulation of water. Input to heaters the temperatures.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Guarded hot plate assembly comprising of main heater, ring guard heater and top guard heater, mounted over the liquid test cavity. 2.Cold plate assembly provided with water connections. 3.The assembly is housed in an enclosure box with glass wool insulation. 4.Instruments panel consisting of : a).Digital voltmeter and ammeter of suitable range. b).Dimmerstat for controlling input to the heaters (2 amp. 3 Nos.) c).Multichannel digital temperature indicator.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Floor space of about 0.75m. x 1.5m. at working height. 2.230v. AC electrical supply with earthling connection. 3.Water flow rate of about 10- 15 lit/min. at constant head.
Shell Tube Heat Exchanger Water To Water
Heat exchanger is the devices used to transfer the heat from one fluid to other. The shell and tube heat exchanger is two tube single pass heat exchanger. The hot fluid is hot water obtained from water heater. The coil fluid is cold water. The schematic flow arrangement is shown in figure. Hot water enters the lower side of end box, flows through the tubes in lower half of shell and comes to the other end of the shell. It reverses its direction, flows through tubes in upper half of the shell and leaves out. Cold water enters lower part of the shell passes over the tubes between the baffles and leaves out the shell through outlet at upper surface of shell.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Shell – 150NB, 750 m.m. long provided with end boxes. a.One end box with divider plate. b.25% cut baffles – 4 Nos. in the shell. 2.Tubes – 4.5mm I.D., 6.35mm O.D.,250 m.m. length copper tubes with triangular pitch. 3.Instantaneous water heater, 3 Kw capacity, to supply hot water. 4.Thermometer for measuring the water temperature. 5.Valves to control hot and cold water flow.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.3 P H, AC supply 2.Floor space 1.5m. X 1m, 3.230V, 15A, AC supply with earthing connection. 4.Water supply at the rate of about 10 lit/min at constant heat.
Heat Transfer In Aagitated Vessel
The unit consists of a vessel with class wool insulation ail around. A helical coil made of copper is fixed inside the vessel. A motorized agitator is fixed at the center of the coil. The vessel is provided with an electric heater and a controller is also provided for vessel. Heater heats water in the jacket while cold water is circulated through coll. Temperature of circulated water and water In vessel Is measured and thus heat transfer coefficient at various agitator speeds can be determined.
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