Description
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Specific Heat Of Air Apparatus
The apparatus consists of heating element on which the air is blown. The difference in temperature of air is shown by the temperature indicator. The flow of air is measured by the orifice meter. The input to the heater is measured by voltmeter and ammeter. Thus the specific heat of air can be found out.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Air blower connected to FHP motor.
2.Orifice meter to measure the air flow, Heater – 1 KW heating coil placed centrally in the test section.
3.Multi channel digital temperature indicator – range 0 to 300 c.
4.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure the heat Input.
SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.220 volts single phase stabilized AC Electric supply.
2.Floor space – 2 m. X 1 m. X 2 m. Height.
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Shell Tube Heat Exchanger Water To Water
Heat exchanger is the devices used to transfer the heat from one fluid to other. The shell and tube heat exchanger is two tube single pass heat exchanger. The hot fluid is hot water obtained from water heater. The coil fluid is cold water. The schematic flow arrangement is shown in figure. Hot water enters the lower side of end box, flows through the tubes in lower half of shell and comes to the other end of the shell. It reverses its direction, flows through tubes in upper half of the shell and leaves out. Cold water enters lower part of the shell passes over the tubes between the baffles and leaves out the shell through outlet at upper surface of shell.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Shell – 150NB, 750 m.m. long provided with end boxes. a.One end box with divider plate. b.25% cut baffles – 4 Nos. in the shell. 2.Tubes – 4.5mm I.D., 6.35mm O.D.,250 m.m. length copper tubes with triangular pitch. 3.Instantaneous water heater, 3 Kw capacity, to supply hot water. 4.Thermometer for measuring the water temperature. 5.Valves to control hot and cold water flow.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.3 P H, AC supply 2.Floor space 1.5m. X 1m, 3.230V, 15A, AC supply with earthing connection. 4.Water supply at the rate of about 10 lit/min at constant heat.
Composite Walls Apparatus
Composite Walls Apparatus:
The apparatus consists of a pair of M.S. plates, Bakelite, brass/aluminum. These plates in series on either side of the heater form a composite wall. The whole unit is clamped in a frame, which can be viewed through the Perspex sheet. The thermocouple tapings enables us to find out the conductivity and resistance of the composite walls.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heater- Mica healer of dia. 250 mm. 2.Plates- a) M.S. plates of thickness 25mm & dia. 250mm.-2 nos. b) Bakelite plates of thickness 10mm & dia. 250mm.-2 nos. c)Brass/Aluminum plates of thickness 15mm & dia. 250mm.-2nos 3.Dimmerstat – 2 A capacity. 4.Measurements — a) voltmeter and an Ammeter to measure input power. b) Multichannel digital temperature indicator to measure temperatures at- various points. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
230 V, A.C. stabilized supply along with earthing connection. Bench area Im x lm x 0.5m height
Critical Heat Flux Apparatus
The apparatus demonstrates the regimes of pool boiling. The test section consists of a test wire surrounded by water of constant temperature. The surface temperature of the test wire is heated by passing current through it. Due to the temperature difference between the wire surface and surroundings, the difference regimes are observed till the burnout point.
Specifications:
1.Test wire -35 gauge or 40 gauges. Length = 10cm. 2.Nichrome heater- 1 kw capacity – 1 nos. 3.Glass trough of sufficient capacity. 4.Table light to observe the test wire. 5.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure the input to the test wire. 6.Dimmerstat to adjust the voltage. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.220v, ISA, stabilized single-phase supply. 2.Floor surface- 1m x 1m at working height.
Pin Fin Appatatus
The apparatus consists of a channel in which the pin fin is tested in both natural as well as forced convection. The channel is connected to the suction of blower. The blower is operated to touch the pin fin in forced convection only. In natural convection, the window above the pin fin is kept open to the atmosphere. Five thermocouple tapings are given along the length of the fin. Thus the temperature distribution along the length can be distinguished. Also natural and forced heat transfer co-efficient, effectiveness, etc. can be found out.
Specifications:
1.Three pin fins- a) M. S. b) Brass c) Al 2.Channel- 150mm x 100mm x 1000mm 3.Blower – run by f.h.p. motor. 4.Orifice meter along with water manometer to measure airflow. 5.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure power input. 6.Cr- Al thermocouple with 6 tapings along with temperature indicator. 7.Dimmerstat to control power input. 8.A band heater to heat the pin fin. A technical manual accompanies the unit.Services required:
1.220v, stabilized single phase supply along with earthing Connection. 2.Floor area 2m x 1m x 1m height.
Thermocouple Calibration Test Rig
The Unit helps in calibrating given thermocouple for the range 0°C to 100°C. While calibrating, thermocouple is once dipped in ice for 0Q C and then in boiling water for 100°C. This is done till the thermocouple shows the actual temperature of ice (0° C) and boiling wafer (100°C) and a linear calibration is set. A mV meter is provided to know the corresponding voltage.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.A digital mV Meter and a digital temperature indicator with 2 different type of thermocouples. 2.A water container with heater of 1 KW. 3.A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Table surface area – 2 m X 1 m X 0.5 m height. 2.220V, 50hz. Stabilize Electric Power Supply. 3.Ice cubes – 0.5Kg. Approx.
Heat Transfer In Aagitated Vessel
The unit consists of a vessel with class wool insulation ail around. A helical coil made of copper is fixed inside the vessel. A motorized agitator is fixed at the center of the coil. The vessel is provided with an electric heater and a controller is also provided for vessel. Heater heats water in the jacket while cold water is circulated through coll. Temperature of circulated water and water In vessel Is measured and thus heat transfer coefficient at various agitator speeds can be determined.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Vessel approx. 20 lit. capacity, provided with glass wool insulation all around and electric heater at the bottom. 2.Agitator 150 mm dia, with 1/8 HP motor to drive the agitator. 3.Helical coil – 200 dia, 8 turns, made of 3/8″ dia. copper tube. 4.Controllers for heater and agitator motor. 5.Temp. Indicator for vessel water temperature and circulated water inlet and outlet.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Single phase 230V, 15 A stabilized supply. 2.Water flow at the rate of 4 to 5 lit. per min. 3.Suitable drain arrangement for water. 4.Floor area -1.5 mtr. X 1 mtr. X 1 mir height.
Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger
(A)Plain Tube ( Water To Water ):
The apparatus consists of two concentric tubes. Inner tube consists of copper tube through which hot water flows. While the outer tube consists of GI pipe through which cold water flows. The arrangement enables the parallel and counter flow of the cold water. The inlet and outlet temperatures and the flow measurement enable to find out the heat exchanged LMTD, and effectiveness of the equipment.
Specifications:
1.Inner copper tube I.D, 12.7mm. and outer G. I. Pipe I. D. 15mm. approx. and 1.5m. length. 2.Thermometers – 4 nos. 3.Measuring flask – 1 Lit. capacity. 4.Geyser-3 kW. Single phase.Services required
1.220v, 15A, stabilized single-phase AC supply. 2.Floor area – 3m x I m x 1 m height. (B) Finned Tube ( Water To Air ): The apparatus consists of two concentric tubes. Inner tube consists of copper tube through which hot water flows. It is finned at its outer diameter to increase the heat transfer surface. While the outer tube consists of GI pipe through which cold air flows. The arrangement enables the parallel and counter flow of the air. The inlet and outlet temperatures and the flow measurement enable to find out the heat exchanged LMTD, and effectiveness of the equipment.Specifications:
1.Inner copper tube I.D. 12.7mm. and outer G. I. Pipe I. D. 25mm. approx. and 1m. length. 2.Thermometers – 4 nos. 3.Orifice meter along with manometer. 4.Measuring flask – 1 Lit. Capacity. 5.Geyser-3 kW. Single phase.Services Required
1.220v, 15A, stabilized single-phase AC supply. 2.Floor area – 3m x 1m x 1m height.
Forced Convection Apparatus
The unit consists of a circular pipe; loosing heat by forced convection to air, being forced through it. Constant heat flux is added to pipe by an electrical heater, provided with input control. The pipe surface temperature is measured at various points along length of pipe. Temperature of air at inlet and outlet of test section are measured. Thus the students can calculate local and overall heat transfer coefficients in forced convection, at various airflow rates and various heat flux values.
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