Description
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Plate Type Heat Exchanger Apparatus
The unit consists of a plate type heat exchanger, in which cold fluid is cold water and hot fluid is hot water, which is obtained from geyser. The inlet and outer connections of the fluids are positioned so as to make the exchanger counter flow type. Hot and cold fluids pass between alternate plates various measurements provided enables the students to determine heat transfer rate, LMTD, heat transfer coefficients and effectiveness of the heat exchanger.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heat Exchanger- S.S. Plate heat exchanger wiles nos. of 200 X 400mm.
2.Geyser to obtain hot water – 3 KW capacity.
3.Calibrated water flow measuring vessel
4.Thermometers to measure inlet and outlet temperatures of fluid.
5.Flow controls valves.
A technical manual accompanies the unit.
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES:
Rotameters to measure water flow rates instead of measuring vessel.
Multi channel digital temperature Indicator to measure the temperatures instead of thermometers.
SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Floor space 1.5m. X 1m,
2.230V, 15A, AC supply with earthing connection,
3.Water supply at the rate of about 10 lit/min at constant heat.
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Specific Heat Of Air Apparatus
The apparatus consists of heating element on which the air is blown. The difference in temperature of air is shown by the temperature indicator. The flow of air is measured by the orifice meter. The input to the heater is measured by voltmeter and ammeter. Thus the specific heat of air can be found out.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Air blower connected to FHP motor. 2.Orifice meter to measure the air flow, Heater – 1 KW heating coil placed centrally in the test section. 3.Multi channel digital temperature indicator – range 0 to 300 c. 4.Voltmeter and ammeter to measure the heat Input.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.220 volts single phase stabilized AC Electric supply. 2.Floor space – 2 m. X 1 m. X 2 m. Height.
Composite Walls Apparatus
Composite Walls Apparatus:
The apparatus consists of a pair of M.S. plates, Bakelite, brass/aluminum. These plates in series on either side of the heater form a composite wall. The whole unit is clamped in a frame, which can be viewed through the Perspex sheet. The thermocouple tapings enables us to find out the conductivity and resistance of the composite walls.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heater- Mica healer of dia. 250 mm. 2.Plates- a) M.S. plates of thickness 25mm & dia. 250mm.-2 nos. b) Bakelite plates of thickness 10mm & dia. 250mm.-2 nos. c)Brass/Aluminum plates of thickness 15mm & dia. 250mm.-2nos 3.Dimmerstat – 2 A capacity. 4.Measurements — a) voltmeter and an Ammeter to measure input power. b) Multichannel digital temperature indicator to measure temperatures at- various points. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
230 V, A.C. stabilized supply along with earthing connection. Bench area Im x lm x 0.5m height
Stefan Boltzmans Apparatus
The Stefan Boltzmann constant is an important constant in heat transfer. The apparatus determines Stefan Boltzmann constant. The apparatus consists of a hemisphere surrounded by hot water. Hot water is obtained from a water-heating tank. When the blackened disc is inserted at the center of hemisphere, heat is transferred into the disc from hemisphere by radiation and its temperature begins to rise, and from temperature raise rate. (It is measured at the intervals of 5 sec.) Stefan Boltzmann constant is determined.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Water heating tank provided with electric immersion heater. Hemisphere made of copper sheet, 200mm. dia. Surrounded water jacket of 250mm. Dia. Test disc made of copper 20mm. dia. provided with thermocouple at the center. Multichannel digital temperature indicator 0-200 C with 0.1C least counts to measure the temperature of hemisphere and disc. Audible buzzer with timer to ring at every 5 seconds. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Bench area of about 1m. x 05m. at working height. 2.230v, 15A, AC, electric supply with earthing connection
Heat Pipe Apparatus
Heat Pipe Apparatus:
Heat pipe is an interesting device, which is used to transfer heat from one location to another.
The apparatus consists of three pipes, viz. A heat pipe, copper pipe and stainless steel pipe. Ail the pipes have same physical dimensions. Copper and stainless steel pipes serve the purpose of comparison of heat pipe performance. All pipes are mounted vertically with a band heater at lower end and water filled heat sink at upper end. Nearly isothermal operation of heat pipe is clearly visualized from longitudinal temperature distribution of the pipe.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heat pipe – Stainless Steel pipe, 25 mm O.D., 450 mm. Long. Sealed at both ends, evacuated and filled partially with distilled water – one No. 2.Copper and stainless steel pipe of same size as that of heat pipe – one each. 3.Equal capacity heater at bottom end of each pipe. 4.Water filled heat sinks at upper end of each pipe.Measurements and controls
a) Dimmerstat to control heat input to all the heaters – 4 amp. Capacity One No. b) A voltmeter and an ammeter to measure input to heaters One each. c) Multichannel digital temperature indictor to measure temperatures along the length of pipes.Four thermocouples are provided on each pipe. v Thermometers to note down water temperatures in heat sinks – 3 Nos.Services Required:
230 VA.C. Single Phase supply. Floor Area = 1 m X 0.5m X 0.5 m height.
Theramal Conductivity Of Insulating Slabs
The apparatus consists of a slab assembly. The main Heater and a radial guard heater are sandwiched between copper plates. The specimen in the form of slabs of equal thickness are placed on either sides of heaters and cooling plates through which water is circulated are on the other Sides of the specimen. The radial guard heater ensures all heat of the main heater to pass axially through the specimens which is collected by cooling plates. By knowing the temperatures and Heat input, thermal conductivity of specimen can be calculated. The test set up is enclosed in an enclosure with insulation inside to provide undisturbed Surroundings. The design style of the apparatus is similar to as recommended in INDIAN standard. The difference is in sizes.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Heaters: a)Main heater plate 110 mm dia. with mica heater Sandwiched between copper plates. b)Radial guard heater plate I.D. 120mm and OD 200 mm mica heater sandwiched between copper plates. 2.Water circulated cooling plates -2 nos. 3.Dimmerstat-2 A capacity – 2 nos. to independently control Inputs to the heaters. 4.Measurements – A voltmeter and an Ammeter with selector switches to measure inputs,Multichannel digital temperature indicator to measure Temperatures at various points, having 0.1 °c least count. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.230 V, A.C. stabilized supply along with earthing connection. 2.Water supply of about 4-5 lit/min. 3.Bench area 1m x lm x O.5m height.
Natural Convection Apparatus
The unit consists of a vertical brass pipe heated by a cartridge heater inside it. The pipe looses heat to atmosphere by natural convection. It is fitted in an enclosure to provide undisturbed natural convection currents. Thermocouples are attached on the pipe to measure local temperatures. Heater input is measured on voltmeter and ammeter. Thus students can determine overall heat transfer coefficient and local transfer coefficients in natural convection at various heat transfer rates.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Pipe – Brass pipe, 38mm. dia. (OD) 500mm. long, fitted with cartridge heater inside. 2.Thermocouples are fitted along with the length of pipe for Temperature measurement – 7 nos. 3.Enclosure 200mm. x 200mm. x 800mm. size, with one side of Perspex sheet. 4.Measurements & Controls a) A Dimmerstat for heater input control. b) Voltmeter and Ammeter for heater input measurement. c) Multichannel digital temperature indicator. A technical manual accompanies the unit.SERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Bench area of 1.5m x 0,75m. at working height. 2.230v, 5A, AC, electric supply with earthing connection.
Thermal Conductivity Of Metal Rod
The apparatus consists of a copper bar, which is heated at one end, a heat sink is provided at other end. The test section of bar is properly insulated and thermocouples are attached along the length of bar. Heat conducted through the section of bar is measured by heat collection in water-cooled heat sink. A panel comprising of controls and measurements is provided, which provides easy operation and sturdy mounting of unit.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1.Metal Bar – 25mm of adequate length, provided with 8 Thermocouples along the length, Band heater at one end and water-cooled heat sink at other end. Test portion of bar is insulated. 2.Instruments panel comprising of. Voltmeter … 1No. Ammeter … 1No. Dimmerstat 0-230v, 2A, capacity. Multichannel Digital temperature Indicator. 3.Measuring flask and stop clockSERVICES REQUIRED:
1.Bench area of 1.5m. x 1m. at working height. 2.230 v, AC, electric supply with earthing connection. 3.Water supply at the rate of 2 lit/mm
Thermal Conductivity Of Insulating Powder
The apparatus consists of an insulating powder, which is enclosed in a cavity of two concentric spheres. The inner space of the inner sphere contains the mica heater. Input to the heater can be adjusted by the dimmerstat. The tappings on the surfaces of the inner sphere and outer sphere are used to find out the temperature difference between the spheres. This enables to find out the conductivity of powder.
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