Description
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Suspension Bridge Apparatus
DESCRIPTION:
Cables are frequently used to support loads over large spans such as cable stayed for suspension bridges, cable car systems and stadium roof. They are used extensively for permanent guys on structures such as microwave towers and derricks. They are also used for temporary guys during erection. The only force in a cable is direct tension. They are too flexible to carry any moment.
A cable is used to carry concentrated loads, uniformly distributed load along its length and uniformly distributed load along the horizontal span. It takes the shape of a polygon under concentrated loads, a catenary under uniform load along its length (such as its own weight), and a parabola under uniform load along the horizontal span.
EXPERIMENT:
• Study the Extension of each spring Balance Left & Right Both.
• Study of the effect of a point load
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:
• Apparatus Consists of two mild steel cables 0.5cm diameter in cross section and 150cm long, pinned to two supports 90cm apart situated symmetrically.
• One of the ends can be converted to a roller by applying a known load at the end with the help of suspended pulley system.
• Vertical loads can be applied at various points along the span of the beam.
• A dial gauge with 25mm travel (with a magnetic base) is to be supplied with the apparatus complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
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Elastic Properties Of Deflected Beam Apparatus
Apparatus consists of a mild steel beam 2.5cm x 3mm in cross section and 100cm long, pinned to two supports 70cm apart situated symmetrically. One of the ends can be fixed or given a known slope by applying a known moment at the end with the help of suspended loads. At the other end also a known moment can be applied. Vertical loads can be applied at various points along the span of the beam. A dial gauge with 25mm travel (with a magnetic base) may be supplied with the apparatus. Apparatus to be supplied should be complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights
Deflection Of Truss Apparatus
Apparatus consist of 4 panels of a PRATT steel truss, each panel being 40cm in horizontal direction and 30cm in vertical direction. Load can be applied on each panel point. All tension members should be provided with detachable springs so as to obtain appreciable deformation of the member. Direction of the diagonal members may be changed. Apparatus can be used to illustrate visually the nature of forces set up in various members of the Truss. Apparatus to be supplied should be complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
Experimental Capabilities: Apparatus is supplied complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
Two Hinged Arch Apparatus
DESCRIPTION:
The two hinged arch is a statically indeterminate structure of the first degree. The horizontal thrust is the redundant reaction and is obtained y the use of strain energy methods. Two hinged arch is made determinate by treating it as a simply supported curved beam and horizontal thrust as a redundant reaction.EXPERIMENT:
• To study experimentally a two hinged arch for the horizontal displacement of the roller end for a given system of loading and to compare the same with those obtained analytically. • To obtain the influence line ordinates for horizontal thrust experimentally in a two hinged arch by moving a load along the span and to compare the same with those obtained theoretically.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:
• Apparatus has a span of 100cm and rise 25cm. • Both ends should have hinge but one of the ends should also be free to move longitudinally. • A lever arrangement fitted at this end for the application of known horizontal inward force for measuring the horizontal thrust. Along the horizontal span of the arch various points are marked at equidistant for the application of load. • This being a statically indeterminate structure of the first degree. • A dial gauge with 25mm travel (with magnetic base) is to be supplied with the apparatus. • Mild steel apparatus complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
Shear Centre Apparatus
Apparatus consists of sturdy base frame and Channel, Equal angle, Semicircle and Z-Section are supplied with apparatus. Standard length of each of the four sections in M. S. is supplied. Each is provided with end clamp for fixing to the rigid bracket. A special load hanger is provided so as to change the load position so that with the help of two dial-gauges, the vertical plane of Shear-centre for the particular section can be determined.
RANGE OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Determination of the vertical plane of shear center for different cross sections commonly used for structures
Three Hinged Arch Apparatus
The mild steel model has a span of 100cm and rise 25cm, with hinges at supports and crown. One of the ends should rests on rollers. Along the horizontal span of the arch various points are marked at equidistant for the application of load. This being a statically determinate structure, the horizontal thrust developed under the action of any load system can be theoretically calculated and will also be measured directly by neutralizing the outward movement of the roller end. A dial gauge with 25mm travel (with magnetic base) may be supplied with the apparatus. Apparatus to be supplied should be complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
Elastically Coupled Beam Apparatus
Apparatus consists of a three parallel bar suspension system with elastic beam at their upper and lower ends. The upper ends of the two outer suspension rods are tied to a vertical wooden board while central suspension rod may be tied to the centre of another elastic beam supported at two outer ends only. Mild steel Apparatus to be supplied should be complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
Behaviour Of Column Struts Apparatus
Apparatus consist of four spring steel columns which are put along a vertical wooden board. These four columns have different end conditions as below:
1. Both ends pinned
2. Both ends fixed
3. One end pinned and other fixed
4. One end fixed and other end free
Apparatus to be supplied should be complete with a supporting stand and a set of weights.
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